Internship Report - 1052 Words

May 2017 - Current INTEGRATED WELL SERVICES (IWSS) | www.iwsas.com Client: EV Australasia - Osborne Park, Western Australia Senior Field Technician (Contractor) COMPANY PROFILE: IWSS is a group of strategic business partners, providing a full range of Well Services and Solutions to leading organisations locally and internationally. IWSS specialise in all phases from Drilling to Well Testing, Well Services to Work over Services from concept and engineering, to execution and analysis. KEY DUTIES: †¢ Provide technical support for EV, a global oilfield services business that specialise in well diagnosis through advanced downhole video technology. †¢ Run downhole camera and video technology tools into offshore wells using drill†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ Explored and obtained information such as design specifications, cost, rental cost of suitable well kill, lubricate and bleed pumping solutions, including preparing PID and rig up drawings. †¢ Searched and obtained design specifications, costs, rental costs of slickline/wireline surface pressure control equipment, including preparing rig up drawings. †¢ Liaised with a broad range of stakeholders, representatives and engaged with the Woodside Energy team on site in regards to the operation execution phase of Slickline Wireline activities. Nov 2010 - Dec 2015 WOODSIDE ENERGY | www.woodside.com.au North West Shelf (NWS) Project Well Services Supervisor (Contractor) COMPANY PROFILE: Woodside is Australia’s largest independent oil and gas company with a global portfolio, recognised for our world-class capabilities - as an explorer, a developer, a producer and supplier of energy. Woodside’s producing assets in Australia include the landmark North West Shelf (NWS) Project. EMPLOYMENT HISTORY KEY DUTIES: †¢ Managed and maintained various aspects of well services operations on the Goodwyn Alpha and North Rankin offshore production facilities located in the North West Shelf. †¢ Maintained compliance with QHSE policies, standards, processes and workplace safe Operating Procedures (SOP’s.) †¢ Prepared and tracked Permit to Work (PTW) in Integrated Safe System of Work (ISSoW) for all offshore wellShow MoreRelatedInternship Report2948 Words   |  12 PagesGOVERNMENT UGANDA WANKULUKUKU ROAD BY KEMIHINGIRO BONITA REG NO: S1324/1003 Internship report submitted to The faculty of business and administration in partial fulfillment for the Award of a bachelor’s degree in project planning and entrepreneurship April 2015 Agency supervisor NAME†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. SIGNATURE†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. DECLARATION I kemihingiro Bonita declare that this internship report is my original work and has never been submitted to any institution for any awardRead MoreReport: Employment and Internship1268 Words   |  6 Pageswas just around the corner. My internship reaffirmed my decision to become an accountant. I found that nobody expects you to know everything and that mistakes can be tolerated if learned from. The experience has given me confidence in myself that was severely lacking beforehand. I have realized that I want to continue working in the area of auditing. Experience And Academic Benefits. Experience is always an advantage when seeking employment. An internship provides a relatively nurturingRead MoreInternship Report Format1188 Words   |  5 PagesInternship Report Format 1. Title Page One original title page, prepared in the same format as the Sample Internship title is given at the end. Page submitted with the original signatures of Program coordinator. The date on the title page will depend on the semester you will receive your degree. 2. Acknowledgements If you wish, you may include a page with a brief note of dedication or acknowledgment of help received from particular persons. 3. Table of Contents The contents page should clearlyRead More64577569 An Internship Report on Chartered Accountant Firm14353 Words   |  58 Pagesï » ¿An Internship Report On Chartered Accountant Firm TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER # 1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Introduction ï â€ Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Some what about Chartered Accountant Firm ï â€ Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Organizational Structure ï â€ Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Geographical list of  Ã‚  CA firms in  Pakistan ï â€ Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  CA firms abroad Chapter # 2  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Institute  of  Chartered Accountants  ofPakistan  ( ICAP) ï â€ Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Introduction ï â€ Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Types of Chartered Accountants ï â€ Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Role of  Ã‚  ICAP Chapter #  3  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Services Rendered by a CA Firm ï â€ Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Auditing ï â€ Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  TaxationRead MoreInternship Report On The Internship1702 Words   |  7 Pages FINAL INTERNSHIP REPORT September 4 2015 BUSN 615 Internship Course Period: July through September 2015 Drexel ID: 13820722 Varun Pillai FINAL REPORT FOR SUMMER INTERNSHIP WITH AUDIENCE PARTNERS Varun Pillai (267) 471-2511 E-mail: vrp36@drexel.edu Facility: Audience Partners 414 Commerce Drive, Suite 100 Fort Washington, PA 19034 Supervisor: Alex Gochtovtt Chief Analytics Officer Phone: +1-484-928-1010 Fax: +1-484-556-4161 Read MoreInternship Report : An Internship1700 Words   |  7 PagesAn Internship Report as Intern Programmer Analyst Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Degree Of MASTERS in COMPUTER SCIENCE By Rahul Sharma NALAM ( 700630254) Under the guidance of â€Å"Dr. Xiaodong Yue† Department of Mathematics Computer Science, University of central Missouri, Warrensburg, Missouri- 64093 PREFACE This document specifies the work that I did during the Internship course at RAMPS International Inc., New Jersy under the guidance of Dr. XiaodongRead MoreInternship Report1292 Words   |  6 PagesEconomics and Finance | MiBA Master of International Business Administration INTERNSHIP REPORT AT PALYTRA TRAVEL AGENGY Table of Contents 1. Explanation about how the internship was applied. 3 2. Description of the firm and the department. 3 3. Description of job and tasks during the internship. 4 4. Connection between study and practice. 5 5. Working Routine. 5 6. Supervision. 6 7. Expectations. 6 8. ResultsRead MoreInternship Report1979 Words   |  8 PagesInternship Report by Nigel Ng Ding Xun (BIT) I am Nigel Ng Ding Xun from Business Information Technology. During the ending of my second year in Ngee Ann Polytechnic, I had to go through what may be the toughest thing I faced during my time studying in Ngee Ann. Internship. I was placed in the company Lau Chin Huat Co. Lau Chin Huat Co. is a firm of certified public accountants. In the company, there are a total of three different departments. The IT department, the Accounts departmentRead MoreInternship Report2548 Words   |  11 PagesUNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMETRICS AND STATISTICS | INTERNSHIP REPORT | AT KENYA NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS DIRECTORATE OF POPULATION AND SOCIAL STATISTICS –SECTION OF EDUCATION STATISTICS | | BY WESLEY RUTTOH | | 2011 DECLARATION This is to declare that this internship report is my original work and has not been presented in any institution for any evaluation. This internship report is presented to the K.N.B.S for approval by theRead MoreInternship Report6674 Words   |  27 PagesProgramme Bsc (Computer Science). Title Industrial Attachment Report. Period of Attachment June 2010 – Aug 2010. Placement Company Kenya Industrial Estates Ltd., Nairobi. Co-operating Officer Mr. Njuguna J.G. Report submitted to Mr. Waithaka, Academic Supervisor. Date submitted: September 24, 2010 | | Foreword Internship is engaging students in service activities primarily for providing them with hands-on experience

The Olympic Games And The Economic Development On The Host...

Literature Review The Olympic Games and the impact on the infrastructural development on the host country The Olympic Games is known today as the most visible and spectacular International Public Event. Over the last 20years, the Games have experienced unparalleled growth and universal popularity. The first modern Olympics held in Athens in 1896 attracted 311 athletes from 13 countries. In 2000, the Sydney Games involved 10,651 athletes from 199 countries, with ticket sales of 6.7 million and another 3.7 billion watching on television .In addition, the IOC and the Sydney Organizing Committee for the 2000 Olympic Games (SOCOG) generated about US$3billion during the period 1997 – 2000 from the marketing of the Games. The estimated budget for Athens 2004 Games was â‚ ¬4.5billion, however, the final expense topped â‚ ¬11billion .The Games in Athens 2004 provided the city with an excellent opportunity to present itself globally as a modern, well designed and well run metropolis with modern facilities and infrastructure symbolic of quality of life and economic investment. China on the other hand invested about $40billion in infrastructure alone from 2002 to 2006 . In addition, the Games had a tremendous influence on Beijing’s economic development, environment, advertising, television, internet, mobile phone, clean energy and sports sectors .This Games also led to the development of 25 historic areas in Beijing, which includes: many of the city’s landmarks, old streets and imperialShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Post Olympic Games On The Olympics1118 Words   |  5 Pages‘Bubble economy’ is the third reason of the ‘valley’ effect of post-Olympic Games. Bef ore the Olympics, many tourists and company go into the Olympic host country to consume. They will largely promote this country s development of the construction industry, tourism, services, retail and other industries. Especially in tourism, the Olympic Games will bring numerous tourists for host city, and these tourists will consume in the city, and these tourists need pay for food, accommodation, transport,Read MoreThe Impact Of Olympic Games On Tourism And Hospitality Essay1063 Words   |  5 Pagesin the rapid development. This is a high-speed development in the 21st century, especially tourism and hospitality. It is a big trend in tourism industry, lots of people because Olympic Games, stars, attractions and movies are fascinated. Because of this kind of industry, it will be a high salary in tourism and hospitality. Also, it will increase income tax, marking, local communities, great attractions, historical staff and natural environment. This paper will talk about Olympic Gam es impact tourismRead MoreDoes Holding the Olympic Games Have Benefits for the Host Countryï ¼Å¸1550 Words   |  7 PagesAGRUMENTATIVE ESSAY Does holding the Olympic Games have benefits for the host countryï ¼Å¸ In recent years, the Olympic Games have developed into one of the most significant mega-international sporting events (Rocheï ¼Å'2000). More and more cities are bidding to host the Olympics and increasingly money are invested in Olympic bids, which is due to the reason that the government believe that they could get benefits from suchRead MoreBeijing Olympic Economy Essay example1558 Words   |  7 Pagesorganizing the Olympic Game made its last statement in Moscow. Deng Yaping, the image messenger for applying for the Olympic Games and famous Ping-pang player, stated in her report,â€Å"in the torch relay in Sydney, a little boy came up to me, when he touched the torch, his eyes immediately became bright. I can feel that at that time his whole life has changed†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Someone sums up Deng Yaping’s statement as: The Olympic Games can change the whole life of a person. Someone further inferred: The Olympic GamesRead MoreNick Mootz. Period 3. Ap English 11. Eilertsen 3. Behind1274 Words   |  6 PagesEnglish 11 Eilertsen 3 Behind the Mask of the Olympics Most people think of the Olympics as just a way for the world to join together and athletically compete but hidden behind the curtain of glory and valor, natives suffer through poverty from the unbalanced economy that is correlated with the hosting of the Olympic games. CNN and other news channels manage to capture the fantastics of the games, but always seem to avoid the discrepancies within the host nation. Why should the innocent suffer at theRead MoreDeveloping Countries Entering A Bid For Host Major Sports Events1516 Words   |  7 Pagesincreasing number of less-developed countries entering a bid to host major sport events such as the Olympic Games or the FIFA World Cup. Less-developed countries, also called developing countries or newly-industrialised countries, are defined according to the HDI (Human Development Index), which is composed of some measurable elements such as GNP (Gross National Product) per capita, number of years schooling and life expectancy (European Commi ssion 2011). Some countries that are regarded as developingRead MoreThe Beijing Olympics Olympic Games1476 Words   |  6 PagesHosting the Olympic Games is thought of as one of the great honor that a country can receive in the eyes of the world. By hosting the Olympic Games, this can provide a host country the opportunity to represent their nation-states with a universally legitimate way to present and promote their national identities and culture. The 2008 Beijing Olympics played a significant role in the social life of China and efficiently influence not only the history and grand socioeconomics transformation and modernizationRead MoreAn Historic Mega Event Such As The Olympics Brings Together1628 Words   |  7 PagesAn historic mega event such as the Olympics brings together nations from all over the globe to encourage young athletes by creating national pride, as well as celebrating sport. The first modern Olympics was held in 1896, encouraging cities across the world to co mpete, and host the event. Canada has hosted the Olympics three times in the past: summer in 1976 in Montreal, the Winter Olympics of 1988 in Calgary, and most recently, the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver (Junyk, 2016). This paper willRead MoreThe Olympics Of Rio De Janeiro Essay1715 Words   |  7 Pagesworld goes into a clamor for the Olympic Games, and cities aggressively bid for the right to host these events. Cities literally fight for the right to hold these games and spend exorbitant amounts of money in the hopes of bringing the worlds Olympiad’s to their municipality. But, is the prestige of being the host worth it for the host city? It is becoming more apparent that these endeavors are detrimental to the economy, if you look at the five most recent summer Olympics; Rio de Janeiro, London, BeijingRead MoreSustainable Tourism And Its Practices Within A Hallmark Event960 Words   |  4 PagesPAPER LONDON OLYMPICS, 2012 MOHIT PARTAP SINGH CONTENT Summary Overview Introduction Social impact Economic impact Environmental impact Opinion Conclusion Summary: This paper discuses about the sustainable tourism and its practices within a hallmark event. Sustainable tourism is very important because tourism is one of the world’s fastest growing industry and is major source of income of some countries. Tourism industry provide many jobs that help local economy. Olympic movement has

Statistical Thermodynamics and Kinetics System †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Statistical Thermodynamics and Kinetics System. Answer: Intoduction: A sample of Benzoic acid of 1 to 1.2 grams was weighted. The sample cap was pre-weighted. The instructions given below was followed using the figure 5.1; The die was set over the receiving cap with three parts resting on the base of the press. The plug was dropped into the die.The die, cup, and plug were transferred onto the anvil while holding one finger against the bottom of the cup to keep it and the plug in place. The die was filled with the roughly weighed sample. The charge was compressed by pushing the lever down. The die was raised or lowered by screwing the anvil up or down until firm pressure was acquired to push the lever through its full stroke (Paula, J. 2010). The lever was raised, the die was slid from the anvil and the cup and plug removed. The cup and die were returned to their original position on the anvil and the plug was gently dropped into the top of the anvil above the pellet.The level was brought down gently to eject the pellet into the cup. Care was taken not to move the level through a full stroke to avoid crushing of the pellet. The lever was raised and parts slid from the anvil. The pellet cup was taken and weighed accurately on balances. Handling of the cup with fingers was avoided as much as possible.The cycle was repeated starting at step 1 for each pellet required. The huge knurled cap was taken out of the bomb and the inside part of the bomb was carefully extracted and put on the special holder provided.The already weighed-sample and cup were placed in the yoke.An ignition wire that had already been cut was used to securely tie each arm of the electrodes allowing a loop between that ensured the wire touched the surface of the pellet. Caution was taken or ensure it did not touch the sides of the metal cup. All parts assembled were put on the lower part of the bomb and pressed down ensuring that the O-ring had fitted well (Bettelheim.F.A. 1971). The knurled cup was tightened making it hand tight.NOTE: it was inevitable for the electrode connections to be placed at 90 from the holes in the cap to facilitate clearance of the electrodes by means of the transport clamp after connection. The hose was attached from the regulator on the oxygen tank to the head of the bomb.The safety valve on the bomb was opened by turning the knurled knob to the left 1-2 times. The cylinder was opened by turning the cylinder valve. The valve was not opened completely. The small knob on the regulator that was black was turned to allow gas movement into the bomb very slowly. The large gauge on the regulator was watched.The bomb was supplied with oxygen for about 15 seconds. The knurled knob was turned down on the safety valve and pressure in the bomb was allowed to build up to about 25 atmospheres. The regulator knob was quickly closed. It was necessary that the pressure in the bomb did not exceed 30 atmospheres.The black lever found below the regulator knob was depressed and any pressure in the line of the bomb was released. A one-way valve in the bomb prevented pressure loss (Reid, P. (2013.)). The hose connection to the bomb was unscrewed and the bomb was carefully placed out of the way of the bench top. The hot and cold water taps were fully turned. At the top of the Calorimeter. The balance knob was turned to O position. The jacket temperature control was turned to minimum. The switch was turned to run position. The power switch was turned on. The controller was run for about 5 minutes to realize some extent of equilibrium. When stabilizing the controller, the stainless still container was filled with deionized water: The weight of the dry container was tarred off and recorded. 20000.2g of deionized water was added to the container (Reid, P. 2013.). The temperature was checked with a lab thermometer so that it lied between 19.5 g to 21C. This was placed in a calorimeter so that it sat on the proper pins in the bottom of the cavity. The special wire holder was used to lower the bomb part way into the water. The leads were attached to the electrodes and slowly lowered the bomb into the water so that it settled on the raised portion of the container. The clamp was removed from the bomb and any water droplets that would have adhered into the clamp were shaken off. The thorough scrutiny was done to ensure there were no bubbles, an indicator that there would have been a leak in the bomb assembly. The cover of the calorimeter was closed and the thermometer was lowered and stirred into position. The solution was allowed to attain equilibrium for about 5 minutes. The temperature on the bucket thermometer was read to discover fluctuation. After the temperature had stabilized, the balance knob was adjusted until the jacket temperature was exactly the same as the container. This had to be done slowly to avoid overshooting the jacket temperature. As the two temperatures approached each other, the white and orange lights interchanged on and off. When the container and jacket temperatures were same, the balance knob was locked and read with the magnifier. The container temperature was measured to the nearest thousandth degree (Nibler.J.W. 1989.). The ignite button was depressed at the front of the calorimeter. After ignition, the container and jacket temperatures begin to rise. Two methods could be used in carrying out standardization and determination. Allowing temperature of the container to rise to the highest. Allowing temperature to rise for a specific time and reading the temperature after this time. For laboratory purposes, this is proffered over the other. The calorimeter was allowed to run for strictly 10 minutes and the temperature rose on the container thermometer. The calorimeter was opened and the stainless still tank was removed. The balance knob was turned back to one and the switch was put at plunge position. The knurled knob on the top of the bomb was slowly turned to allow the pressure inside the bomb is released. The large retaining ring was removed and the bomb open. Remove the small pieces of wire that have not been burned in the bomb and record the total length. The procedure was repeated with benzoic acid and twice with naphthalene. The following were off before leaving; Taps, The calorimeter, Valve on the oxygen tank, Emptying of the oxygen bomb, Denver 5kg balance. The calorimeter is a device used in measuring the amount of heat involved in a physical or chemical process. For instance, when an exothermic reaction occurs in a calorimeter, the heat produced by the reaction is absorbed by the solution which increases its temperature. When the amount of heat involved in a chemical reaction is to be determined in Benzoic acid, the Benzoic acid is burnt in a calorimeter. Benzoic acid is a colorless crystalline solid and simple aromatic carboxylic acid.Its name is derived from its only source known as the gun Benzoic. The chemical formula for Benzoic acid is C7H5O2 =specific heat capacity (Refers to the amount of heat needed to raise the mass by 1 Kelvin or simply the heat capacity per unit mass of a material). The calculated value is -3226.999.The equation relating energy to specific heat capacity is E=m. Where the m= mass of the substance in kg, C= the specific heat capacity in J/, = The temperature change in degrees Celsius. Resonance energy for Naphthalene is 61kCal/mol this value is shifted by around five times -28.6 which is equal to -143.0 kCal/mol. During calculation of the resonance energy of Naphthalene, the enthalpy from the experiment is measured by combustion reaction. The enthalpy of formation for Naphthalene is not measured. The combustion reaction is represented by the equation; In the calculation of the resonance energy, the enthalpy of formation of Naphthalene can be compared with that of bond energies. When using bond energy, for instance, the calculations are done in the gaseous state, therefore, the gaseous state of Naphthalene is; (g) The data below were used to draw the graph of the average conductivity against concentration. No Concentration Average conductivity 1 0.5 622.5 2 1 12.4 3 5 60.3 4 10 1.185 5 20 2.322 References. Atkins, P.; de Paula , J. (2010). Physical Chemistry. W.H Freeman and Company. Bettelheim.F.A. (1971). Experimental Physical Chemistry. Saunders golden series. Engel, T; Reid, P. (2013.). Thermodynamics, Statistical, Thermodynamics, and kinetics. Pearson Education Inc. Shoemaker, D.P, Garland,.C.W.; Nibler.J.W. (1989.). Experiments in Physical Chemistry. McGraw Hill Inc.

Vale in the Brazilian Government

Analysis of the Non-Market Environment Political forces The leadership of the Brazilian government under President Luiz Inacio da Silva adopted an explicit policy that intervened on the strategic operations of business enterprises in the country. The government was putting immense pressure on Vale to increase its investments within the home country. The political leadership was in total opposition of the company’s international diversification strategy.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Vale in the Brazilian Government specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More With the global economic crisis’ effects biting hard, Vale had moved to safeguard its business performance by laying-off 1,200 Brazilian workers on top of slashing the investment budget. The government, however, was in opposition of such a move and looked at it as a failure on the part of the company to help Brazil tackle the global economic crisisâ€⠄¢ effects. Vale was also facing pressure from Para state governor to increase its investment in the region. Part of the demands included initiating a steel mill worth $3.2 billion. President da Silva wanted Vale to give priority to Brazilian firms, particularly after the firm indicated its plans of purchasing carrier vessels from a Chinese merchant. Economic forces The global economic crisis that began in 2008 had its effects increasingly hampering business operations at Vale. The crisis affected demand levels and the company encountered poor revenues. Vale, thus, decided to cut down on its overall operation cost by laying-off 1,200 workers from its labour force. With the rising cost of business, there was need for Vale to achieve economies of scale in its business operations, particularly on the delivery of products to its main market in Asia. Given Brazil’s geographic location, it was becoming less economical for the company to deliver goods to China compared to its main c ompetitors in Australia, which is comparably near Asia than Brazil. As such, Vale was forced to acquire large vessels that would help in the transportation of large volumes of its products. The pricing mechanism for Vale’s main commodity, iron ore, changed in the market from a practice of benchmark prices to spot market prices. This was influenced by the growing bargaining power of Chinese buyers of the product.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The benchmark price mechanism that was of advantage to the firm, owing to the strong bargaining position that it afforded the company, was abandoned for the spot market mechanism, which gave buyers more leeway. As such, Vale had to contend with diminishing margins as the buyers’ bargaining power in the Asian market increased. Social forces Vale was being considered as a heritage of the Brazilian people, culture, and tradi tion. Given Vale’s magnitude and success in business, most Brazilians felt attached to it. However, the strong attachment affected the company’s competitive position in business. Most people felt the company was doing little to improve on the quality of life of Brazilians by engaging with international companies and business. There was pressure on the company to give priority to Brazil even where practicality and feasibility of such actions would prove detrimental to the firm. Technological forces Technological changes offered a challenge to the operations and performance of Vale. With the fast advancement in the global technological front, demand for minerals that are rare, as well as complex alloys has been on the increase. Demand for such minerals as silver, nickel, and platinum has been on the rise. As such, Vale faces the challenge of keeping pace with the changing demand in order to remain viable in its business. Vale also needed to acquire technology that would enable its operations to be less costly and, thus, increase its competitive edge. Environmental forces The operations of Vale have been the subject of opposition from environmental watch groups, which cite adverse degradation of the environment. In the state of Espirito Santo, for instance, the governor provided land for purposes of enabling Vale to initiate a project on it. However, its proximity to Tubarao harbour was the subject of opposition from the Brazilian environmental agency. An attempt by the company, in partnership with other foreign firms, to develop steel mills in the Maranhao state failed after the governor rejected it because of the environmental repercussions.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Vale in the Brazilian Government specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Legal forces Vale has faced several legal cases owing to its business operations, particularly in Brazil. Irregularities in land deals that i nvolve the county governments has seen its planned projects delay, thus affecting business. The state government in Maranhao offered Vale land upon which the firm had intended to put up steel mills. There were legal ramifications, however, which delayed the initiative from taking place as it had been anticipated. An Integrated Global Strategy for Vale Vale can consider diversifying its business by increasing its investment in different business sectors in Brazil. The company can invest more in such domestic sectors as banking or transport, and spread its risk in different areas. This will help the company address the pressure from government for failing to invest more in Brazil. It will also enable the company to address the pressure from the political class of building still mines in virtually all the states in the country, which might not be viable in the first place. Once the political class gets contented with an increased domestic investment, Vale can comfortably invest in othe r foreign businesses with little interference from the government. The firm can also consider establishing subsidiaries in other foreign countries where it has interest, such as Mozambique, but maintain its original name rather than adopt a different one (Porter, 1990, p. 73). Vale should take the initiative of establishing its physical presence and operations in countries that contain mineral resources because mining business can only take place where there are mineral resources. Such a move would help the company address the risk of being stationed at only one location or country, such as Brazil. Expansion of business to other locations will increase Vale’s business scope and improve on its revenue. It would eventually result in increased profits, which the company can in turn use to invest more in the local economy and win back the confidence of the Brazilian people. Additionally, establishing subsidiary companies abroad with the same company name will make Brazilians feel proud about their heritage. Given the extent to which Vale is attached to the Brazilian people, exporting such a heritage would most likely receive approval from the people and endear them even further to the company. A consideration of influencing foreign related businesses to invest in Brazil and establish their presence there would be a positive move in enhancing Vale’s performance (Porter, 1990, p. 80). Apart from mining, Vale also deals with other industries that, together, help in value addition. Such industries include shipbuilding, technology firms, and other transport sector firms such as railway manufacturers.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Since Vale relies more on Chinese ship builders to service its need for vessels, the firm should influence the vessel builders to establish their operations in Brazil. A closer proximity will enable the shipbuilding merchants to have a clear understanding on some of the challenges that are faced by their client in their business operations, and would in turn increase customisation. On the other hand, such a move would create employment opportunities to local Brazilians and enable the government to get increased taxes. As such, the pressure on Vale particularly from the political class that it is doing little to add value to Brazilians will decrease. It would also allow Vale the opportunity to grasp the technological changes taking place, thus helping the firm to lower its cost of doing business. Whether Vale should buy Vessels for Transportation There is need for Vale to buy vessels for purposes of transporting its mined iron ores to China. Every business involves value addition, wh ich is particularly important for enhancing and consolidating a firm’s overall trade operations. In the case of Vale, transportation is one of its most important value-addition activities. This mainly draws from the fact that the iron ore consumers or the market is far placed from the minefields. For instance, Vale’s main market for its iron ore is in Asia, particularly in China, as well as in Europe. Iron ore is a bulk commodity that can only be transported in the most efficient way by use of water vessels. In essence, the only perfect way through which Vale can service the market satisfactorily is by using large vessels for transportation. Owning the vessels would enable the firm to manage its distribution channel in a convenient manner than if the same were owned by a different company. Pros Owning ships for transpiration purposes will increase Vale’s direct control over its business. There will be convenience in servicing the market because of the direct own ership of the vessels. There are several challenges that often affect businesses, including variation in demand and other external interferences, such as government intervention. When a firm such as Vale is directly in control of its transport mechanism, it will be easier for it to address such conveniences for purposes of achieving efficiency. Ships are expensive to acquire and maintain. It is, therefore, a big challenge for individuals or smaller firms to own large fleets of ship that would be capable of servicing a huge capacity like the one that Vale requires. Expecting to outsource such services from a third party would affect Vale’s business. Apart from requiring a large fleet, Vale’s type of business also requires that each of the vessels be bigger in size to be able to transport large quantities at once. This would in turn enable the company to achieve economies of scale. Very few companies can be in a position to raise enough capital to own a fleet of ships wi th these characteristics. However, Vale is a big company with adequate resources that can meet these demands comfortably. It would be appropriate for Vale to acquire the fleet of ships and maintain them for increasing value to its business because this is the company’s prime business. Vale is also expanding its production by including other minefields that are not necessarily in Brazil. For instance, the firm has a coal minefield in Mozambique, in Africa, and contemplates to add other international minefields. This means that the company will have numerous transport routes throughout the world for purposes of enhancing transportation of its commodities from the minefields to the market. Coordinating such a vast and complex distribution network may not be an easy task, particularly if the company is to rely on outsourced transportation. Thus, owning its vessels will enable the company to improve on the quality of its overall performance, as well as increase on its own efficien cy. Owning large fleets of ship will present an open opportunity for Vale to diversify its business. During low season periods or where demand for iron ore grows lesser, Vale can outsource its fleets to be used for transportation of other commodities. This will in turn provide the company with added revenues and help it maintain high profits. The diversification of business portfolio, thus, helps in spreading risk evenly and cushioning the company from the dangers of fluctuating business conditions in one area. Most of the small-scale consumers in China do not have organised transportation. Instead, they rely more on the supplier to cater for transportation needs. Thus, Vale has to acquire its own fleet of vessels to cater for the needs of such consumer groups. Owning vessels for Vale means the firm is also capable of achieving forward integration. This, in turn, potentially enhances its bargaining position, while it also lowers the buyers’ bargaining power. The enhanced barg aining position would eventually result in higher asking prices and translate to increased profit margins. Cons Sea vessels are expensive to acquire and maintain. This is a huge disadvantage for Vale, particularly given that the firm requires an expansive fleet of vessels to be able to service its distribution network effectively. Raising the required amount of money to sustain the purchase would require the company to seek for external financing. This option is expensive in the end because of the accrued interests. Owning a fleet of ships will interfere with the core business operation of the firm. In other words, it will result in divided management attention, thus affecting on the quality of performance. For instance, the fleet of ships will require regular servicing to maintain them in perfect order. Its operators, or the crew, will require special human resource management that is different from the workers who are based at the minefields in Brazil and other countries such as M ozambique. The logistical office will also need experts in the field to help in the scheduling and overall planning of the distribution. Other expensive acquisitions will also be needed to sustain the operations, such as large cranes at the seaport to enhance the loading and offloading of the commodity. Servicing such a complex logistical network will call for additional responsibility from virtually all the levels of the organisation. There are additional costs that come with owning large fleets of ship. Such additional costs will reduce the profit margins of Vale and end up limiting its profit margins. For instance, the insurance costs of such a magnitude of fleets will definitely be high. Vale will be forced to raise its prices for the final product in order to cater for the added costs. On the other hand, other producers that rely on outsourced transportation or those who sell directly to the buyers will benefit from the price advantage and, thus, increase the demand for their c ommodity. There is a possibility for the demand levels of iron ore minerals to grow lesser in the market. This may be because of other external forces that could be beyond the control of the firm. For instance, the global economic crisis reduced the market demand for virtually every commodity in the world. Mineral reserves get depleted following years of continued mining activities. Such scenarios would subject Vale to lost opportunities and ground the large fleet of ships. Sea transport faces numerous challenges, which may result in losses to the transport company. There is increased terrorism in the world that has in turn given birth to rising cases of piracy. Piracy carries numerous risks to the company as well as any other business relying on the sea for transport of raw material or finished products. Apart from the ransom figures demanded by such terror gangs being high, piracy may cause delayed delivery and result in losses to the firm. It may also affect trade relations betwe en Vale and the buying companies. The shipbuilding industry in Brazil is less developed and lacks the capacity to service high demand levels such as the one created by Vale. This would definitely force the firm to purchase its needs from foreign suppliers with better services. In essence, Vale will be forced to acquire its fleet of ships from foreign-based manufacturers. However, such a move will be met with opposition and resistance in Brazil. The political class has already raised its objection of Vale’s move to purchase vessels from foreign suppliers, terming it as ignoring the local ship industry. List of References Porter, M 1990 ‘The competitive advantage of nations,’ Harvard Business Review, vol. 68, no. 2, pp. 73-93 This essay on Vale in the Brazilian Government was written and submitted by user Angelo C. to help you with your own studies. 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